The early permuatations of Social Exchange Theory stem from Gouldner's (1960) norm of reciprocity, which simply argues that people aught to return benefits given to them in a relationship. For example, when a person perceives the costs of relationship as outweighing the perceived benefits, then the theory predicts that the person will choose to leave the relationship. Social exchange theory posits that all human relationships are formed by the use of a subjective cost-benefit analysis and the comparison of alternatives. Social exchange theory is a social psychological perspective that explains social change and stability as a process of negotiated exchanges between parties. include equity theory here as: predicting the conditions under which people try to change or restructure their relationships a state of equity exists in a relationship when participants feel that the rewards they receive are proportional to the costs they bear views social relationships primarily as exchanges of goods and services among persons
people are hedonistic - they try to maximize rewards and minimize costs assumes freedom of choice and situations that require decision making cost/benefit analysis Social Exchange Theory (sub of Reinforcement):
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